Composition of matter.



SIMON G. WIGHTMAN, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT COLUMBIA.

COMPOSITION OF MATTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 3, 1907.

Application filed February 6. 1906. Serial No. 299.779.

- ters Patent of the United States were granted to Edward Wilde, on the seventeenth day of October, 1905, No. 801,951.

The patented composition is adaptable generally .as a substitute for bricks, tile, natural stone, cement, and other materials and compounds for use in the construction of sewers, drains, cesspools, sea walls or levees, and numerous other" analogous structures, and also as a substitute for the sheet and block asphalt heretofore commonly em ployed for paving. "It is im ermeable to wet 3r, is capable of withstan mg considerable pressure or weight and abrasive wear,

,and is durable and of extreme hardness.

This last characteristic, I have discovered, is present to such a marked degree, that the surface of the composition will not yieldsufficiently to produce that slightly resilient surface or tread which paving should possess in order to meet all the requirements, although it is efficient in every other respect, owing to its cheapness, durability, and moisture and water proof pro erties. It is, then, the object o my present invention, to utilize my discoveries in connection with the patented compound to produce an improved composition of matter peculiarly adapted for use 1n paving as a surface stratum, and especially in combination with the above mentioned patented compound as a base or sub-stratum, with which it forms a homogeneous structure, or monolithic integer.

,The prior-patented compound or composition of matter is formed by combining resin and an iron oxid-in the presence of heat, then incorporating therewith while still heated a finely divided earthy base, and finally compressing the mass before cooling and while still in a plastic condition to obtain the requisite density and texture and permitting the same to cool and harden. For a specific recital of-the proportions of the in- .ed with the said gredients and process ste s employed-referen'ce is to be particularly ad to the schedule of the prior Letters Patent.

In connection. with this compound, my present invention comprehends a surface dressing-or stratum for paving consisting of an earthy base, resin, and asphaltum or coal tar. In the preferred method of producing thesaidsurface stratum =I heat, in any suitable vessel, the mixture of asphaltum and coal tar and a cheap resin'in its natural state until they become a homogeneous plastic mass, I also take any of the common earths, such as clay, sand, gravel, loam, or a mixture thereof, and heat the same to a temperature of about 200- to 250 degrees Fahrenheit; I

then add to this heated earthy base the mixture of resin and as haltuin or coal tar while such mixture is sti heated and in its lastic condition and then effect the thoroug commingling of all the in edients by stirring or shoveling the same b ack and forth or by passing through a mixing machine. The resultantcompound, while still in its plastic condition may be poured out and spread over a street to form the surface or .tread thereof; it may be so poured over the surface of a street in which t e intensely hard, durable, and impermeable prior patented compound has already been laid as a base or substratum; or it may be compressed and moldiatented compound to form paving blocks. 11 any of these instances it will be found to possess slightly resilient properties which render it very useful for the purpose described. I

When my improved compound is spread u on or otherwlse laid, in its lastic condition, upon the'base compound ormed of the earthy base, resin, and lI'OIl oxid, I have discovered (whether the base compound be heated or plastic at the time or otherwise) that the two compounds will form by cohesion amonolith or completely integral structure embodying an impenetrable, strong, and moisture-proof base and a durable top surface or surface stratum which is sufficiently resilient for the purpose for which it is intended. It will be found that pressure, such as can be applied by means of the ordinar street rolling implements, will be entire y adequate to effect the cohesion of the two strata to such a complete degree that they will only be distinguishable by a slight difference in color owing to the asphaltum or coal tar, and that no joints or cracks will exist between the two. The base, being absolutely impervious to water or moisture will protect the surface stratum from the effects of frost or the like.

The preferred proportions of the parts of the top or surface stratum of my invention are as follows :common dirt, seventy-nine percent. asphalt or black coal tar, seventeen per cen resin, four percent.

I claim as my invention The -uerein-described monolithic structure, consisting of a base stratum formed by combining resin and an iron oxid in the presence of heat and then incorporating therewith while still heated a finely divided earthy base and finally compressing the mass before cool ing while still in a. plastic condition and a surface stratum combined therewith composed of an earthy base and a mixture of asphaltum and resin which is commingled with the earthy base while the latter is in a heated condition and the asphaltum and resin are in a heated and plastic condition, the surface stratum being applied to the base stratum while the former is heated, so that the heat thereof will draw up a certain amount of resin and iron from the base stratum, making a complete cohesion of the two strata.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

SIMON G. WIGHTMAN. 

